Current Affairs 01 November 2025
Madras High Court, becomes first to recognise Cryptocurrency as Property
In Rhutikumari v. Zanmai Labs Pvt. Ltd, the Court granted protection to an investor whose digital assets were frozen on a crypto exchange after a massive cyberattack. In 2020, New Zealand High Court too held crypto currencies, as digital assets and a form of property capable of being held on trust.
Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar (1908- 1963)
- Portrait of Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, dressed in traditional Indian attire, seated and holding a pen against a plain background.
- Born: To a wealthy land owning family of the village Pasumpon in Ramanathapuram District (Tamil Nadu).
- Belonged to Kondayankottai Marava community of Mukkulathor known for their valour.
- Key Contributions:
- Entered into politics in 1927, Subash Chandra Bose was his political friend.
- Joined national movement and helped Congress expand influence in Tamil Nadu interior regions.
- Played role in Temple Entry Movement in Tamil Nadu, Repeal of the Criminal Tribes Act, etc.
- Served as the Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) from 1952-57 and Member of Parliament from 1957-63.
- Titles Earned: An Uncrowned Monarch, Netaji of the South, The Lion of the South.
- Key Values: Leadership, Nationalist, Courage, Compassion, etc.
Appointment of CJI
- In exercise of powers under Article 124 of the Constitution of India, President appointed Justice Surya Kant as 53rd CJI succeeding present CJI BR Gavai.
- Union Ministry of Law and Justice seeks the recommendation of the outgoing CJI for appointment of next CJI, who conventionally recommends senior-most judge of the Supreme Court.
- However, this seniority principle has not been followed for three times in the past.
- After receipt of recommendation of the CJI, Union Minister of Law and Justice puts up the recommendation to the Prime Minister, who advises the President in the matter of appointment.
Chabahar port
- Location: Sistan-Baluchistan province on the Makran coast in South-eastern part of Iran, on the Gulf of Oman.
- It is the only deep-sea port in Iran with direct ocean access.
- There are two terminals in Chabahar Port project i.e. Shahid Beheshti and Shahid Kalantari.
- It is closest Iranian port to India and it grants India access to landlocked Afghanistan and other Central Asian countries bypassing Pakistan.
- The port is part of the proposed International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC), linking Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf to Caspian Sea via Iran and onwards to northern Europe.
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
- Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is undertaking the base revision exercise of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and has proposed changes in housing index compilation.
- As a part of CPI, Housing constitutes a major component with an expenditure share of 21.67% in urban areas and 10.07% at the All-India level in the current series.
- Currently, the housing index is not compiled in the rural sector.
- Weightage of other sectors in CPI: Food and Beverages (45.86%), Miscellaneous involving education, health, personal care etc. (28.31%), Fuel & Light (6.84%), Clothing & FootWear (6.53%), Pan, tobacco and intoxicants (2.38%).
Kunming Biodiversity Fund (KBF)
- Multi-Partner Trust Fund (MTPF), supporting accelerated action to deliver the goals of KMGBF (Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework), particularly in developing countries.
- KMGBF is a non-binding framework adopted at the CoP-15 to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) at Montreal, Canada (2022).
- It has 4 goals for 2050 and 23 targets for 2030.
- Established under the leadership of China and United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), with the Secretariat of the CBD (SCBD) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
UNEP Adaptation Gap Report (AGR) 2025
- The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Adaptation Gap Report (AGR) 2025 presents an urgent call for global cooperation to address the severe underfunding of climate adaptation, even as climate-related disasters intensify worldwide. The report underscores the widening chasm between the financial resources needed to protect vulnerable communities and ecosystems and the funds actually being mobilised. It also evaluates global progress toward adaptation targets, highlighting systemic gaps in finance, planning, and implementation, particularly across developing nations.
PM Modi to Inaugurate India’s First Digital Tribal Freedom Fighters Museum
- India’s first digital tribal museum, built at a cost of ₹50 crore, opens in Naya Raipur.
- The museum features 16 galleries and digital recreations of 14 tribal uprisings.
- Prime Minister Modi will also launch the “Aadi Shourya” e-book and museum portal.
- Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh was the first martyr from Chhattisgarh’s freedom struggle.
- Major revolts featured include Halba, Surguja, Paralkot, Tarapur, and Bhumkal uprisings.
