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Current Affairs 9 April 2026

NCDs

  • NCDs (chronic diseases) are long-term conditions not directly transmissible between people.
  • Risk Factors: 
  • Behavioural – Tobacco use, unhealthy diets including excess salt, sugar and fats, harmful use of alcohol and insufficient physical activity
  • Metabolic – hypertension, overweight/obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol
  • Environmental – Air pollution, chemical exposure, noise pollution.  
  • Over 80% (over 47 million) of all deaths worldwide are attributed to NCDs and injuries. 
  • Four main NCDs responsible for the majority of these deaths are cardiovascular diseases (heart attacks/stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes.
  • Over 80% of premature NCD deaths now occur in low- and middle-income countries.

PLISFPI

  • Type: Central Sector Scheme 
  • Ministry: MOFPI
  • Total outlay: ₹10,900 crore
  • Duration: 6 years (2021-22 to 2026-27)
  • Objectives: Create global food manufacturing champions, Promote Indian food brands internationally, Generate off-farm employment, Ensure better prices to farmers & higher income.

CEC

  • Article 324 of the Constitution provides that CEC shall not be removed from his/her office except in like manner and like grounds as a judge of the Supreme Court.
  • A removal motion stating ground of removal can be introduced in either House of Parliament. 
  • Speaker/Chairman may admit or refuse the motion and if admitted, a three-member committee is formed to investigate charges. 
  • If committee finds the CEC guilty of proved misbehaviour or incapacity, then both the Houses must pass the resolution with a special majority. 
  • After passage of removal motion, the President issues the removal order. 

 Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)

  • Ministry: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
  • Statutory Body: Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006.
  • Mandate: Lays down science-based standards and regulates food manufacture, storage, distribution, sale and import ensuring safety.
  • Key Initiative: Eat Right India.
  • Governing Structure: Food Authority with Chairperson and 22 members (one-third being women).

Lakes of Jammu and Kashmir

  • Dal Lake: Urban lake in Srinagar, having floating gardens called Raad. 
  • Wular Lake: Second largest freshwater lake of Asia with Jhelum River as its main source. Situated on foothills of Haramuk Mountain. 
  • Hokersar Lake: Known as Queen of Wetlands, it is a sanctuary for migratory birds. 
  • Manasbal Lake: Mughal Garden called the Jaroka, built by Nur Jahan overlooks the lake. 

Sundarbans 

  • It is world’s largest area of mangrove forests. 
  • Location: lies on the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengal spanning India (40%) and Bangladesh (60%).
  • Protection: UNESCO World Heritage Site, Biosphere reserve under UNESCO man and biosphere program, and Ramsar site.
  • Rivers: Muriganga, Raimangal, Harinbhanga, Saptamukhi, Thakuran, Matla etc. 
  • Fauna: Supports single largest population of tigers globally (adapted to amphibious life).
  • Flora: Salt-tolerant plants like Sundari.

About ICAR (HQ: New Delhi) 

  • Origin: Established registered society under Societies Registration Act, 1860 as Imperial Council of Agricultural Research
  • based Royal Commission on Agriculture report ( under Lord Linlithgow ) 
  • Ministry: under Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
  •  Ex-officio President : Union Minister of Agriculture
  • Role: Apex body for coordinating and guiding agricultural research and education (including horticulture, fisheries, animal sciences).
  • Eg. research related to Green revolution technologies 
  • Key initiatives 
  • Krishi Vigyan Kendras linking agricultural research and farmers at district level 
  • National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture(NICRA) to enhance the resilience of Indian agriculture to climate change

Qeshm Island (Iran)

  • Location: Lies near Bandar Abbas, separated by Khuran (Clarence) Strait.
  • Largest island in the Persian Gulf.
  • Strategic Importance: Close to Strait of Hormuz , critical global oil shipping route, provides Iran strategic leverage over maritime traffic.
  • Terrain: Rocky coastline with sandy bays & mudflats