Legal Current Affairs for 18 November 2025

It is the world’s largest climate fund.
Genesis: COP 16, UNFCCC Cancun, 2010.
It serves the Paris Agreement in accordance with Article 9.
Mandate: To support developing countries in raising and realizing their Nationally Determined Contributions ambitions towards low-emissions, climate-resilient pathways.
Governance: Fund is governed by the GCF Board and it is accountable to and functions under the guidance of the COP, UNFCCC.
HQ: Songdo, Incheon City, Republic of Korea

Investigation and Intelligence Agencies: National Investigation Agencies, National Security Guards, Intelligence Bureau, etc.
Legal Regime: Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967.
Preventing Terror Financing: Terror Funding and Fake Currency Cell (TFFC) under NIA; Combating Financing of Terrorism (CFT) Cell under Ministry of Home Affairs, etc.
Retaliatory Responses: Surgical Strike (2016); Operation Sindoor (2025) etc.

Overview: It is an international organization for regional economic integration.
Genesis: Established by the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union (signed in 2014).
Members: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia.
Feature: Enables free movement of goods, services, capital and labour, supported by coordinated, harmonised and unified policies.

Production: Banaskantha district, Gujarat.
Key Feature:Milky white colour, natural beauty and durability, used widely in temples, memorials and grand buildings.
Meaning: Certification given to products that originate from a specific region and have inherent qualities, reputation, and characteristics contributing to their origin.
Granted Under: Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999.
Validity: 10 years.
Nodal Department: Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

About: Hepatitis A is a viral infection that causes inflammation of the liver, triggered by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV). Unlike Hepatitis B and C, it does not cause chronic liver disease, though illness can range from mild to severe.
Symptoms may include fever, fatigue, nausea, abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea, dark urine, and jaundice.
Transmission: Hepatitis A spreads through the faecal–oral route, mainly via contaminated food or water or dirty hands.
Protective antibodies in India have dropped from over 90% two decades ago to below 60% in many urban regions, creating a growing pool of susceptible young people.
Global Burden: Hepatitis A occurs worldwide and the virus can persist in the environment. In 2016, WHO estimated 7,134 deaths, contributing 0.5% of global viral hepatitis mortality.
Treatment: There is no specific antiviral treatment for Hepatitis A. Care focuses on symptom relief, hydration, nutrition, and rest.
Vaccine: Both live-attenuated and inactivated Hepatitis A vaccines provide 90–95% protection, with immunity lasting 15–20 years or lifelong. India’s Biological E’s Biovac-A, a live-attenuated vaccine, has been used for over two decades with excellent safety and efficacy.

World Cervical Cancer Elimination Day was first observed in 2025.
HPV infection is responsible for over 95% of cervical cancer cases globally.
WHO’s elimination strategy aims to vaccinate 90% of girls by age 15 by 2030.
Regular Pap smears and HPV testing are key preventive measures recommended for women aged 25–65.

The Telangana Cabinet has approved the draft Gig and Platform Workers Act, 2025.
The legislation mandates worker registration and sets up a welfare fund.
A grievance redressal system will be created under the proposed framework.
Companies must appoint an officer to engage with the workers’ board.