Legal Current Affairs for 27 December 2025

Ministry: Ministry of Rural Development
Type: Launched in December 2000 as Centrally sponsored scheme
Objective: To provide all-weather road connectivity to eligible unconnected rural habitations as a strategy for poverty alleviation. Bridges will be built/modernized along the alignment of these roads
Habitation Population Criteria for PMGSY-IV: 500+ in Plains; 250+ in North-Eastern, special category states & Hill States and 100+ in LWE Affected Districts as per Census 2011.
Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism (LWE) Affected Areas: Launched in 2016 to improve the rural road connectivity in LWE affected districts.
The project will be implemented as a vertical under PMGSY.

About TRRP: It is an international voluntary community-based effort by UNESCO-IOC to bolster risk prevention and mitigation across global coastal zones.
Methodology: It has 12 preparedness indicators for a consistent evaluation, and recognition is renewable every four years.
Implementing agency in India: NTRB established by the ministry of earth sciences, under the chairmanship of Director, INCOIS and members from Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), NDMA, MHA etc. implements TRRP.

Launched: In 2015 by the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE).
Objective: To provide short-term skill training and upskilling/re-skilling through Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) to youth nationwide, including rural areas.
Phases
PMKVY 1.0: Pilot phase in 2015-16.
PMKVY 2.0: 1.10 Crore candidates were trained.
PMKVY 3.0: Two special programs: Customised Crash Course Programme for COVID Warriors and Skill Hub Initiative (SHI).
PMKVY 4.0: Focus on New Age Skills like Industry 4.0, Web 3.0, AR/VR, Climate Change, Circular Economy, Green Economy, etc.
Achievement: Over 1.6 crore youth have trained since 2015 under PMKVY with 45% of the candidates being women.

He was born in Sangrur district, Punjab in the undivided India.
He was a revolutionary freedom fighter who avenged the Jallianwala Bagh massacre by assassinating Michael O’Dwyer (the then Lieutenant Governor of Punjab) in 1940.
He used the name ‘Ram Mohammad Singh Azad’, representing the three major religions in India and his anti-colonial sentiments.
He was an active member of the Ghadar Party and Hindustan Socialist Republic Association (HSRA).
Values: Patriotism, valour, secularism, etc.

This day is being celebrated every year on 26 December since 2022.
Historical background:
This day is celebrated by paying tribute to the younger sons of the 10th Sikh Guru Gobind Singh Ji (Shaheed Sahibzada Baba Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Baba Fateh Singh) .
Both of them were captured by the Mughal army in Anandpur Fort and were martyred at Sirhind on December 26.
Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar: National-level award conferred annually by President of India to recognise exceptional achievements of children (Age: 5- 18 years) across multiple fields.

Requirement of prior opening permission for opening a coal mine as well as for opening individual seams or sections of a seam from Coal Control Organisation (CCO) dispensed with for coal companies.
Under the amended provisions, the authority to approve mine/ seam opening permission has now been entrusted/ vested with the board of the concerned coal company.
For entities other than companies, such approval will continue to be through CCO.

Location: Situated in Dahod district, central Gujarat along Gujarat-Madhya Pradesh border.
History: It was declared as a wildlife sanctuary in 1982.
This sanctuary harbours the maximum population of sloth bears in the entire state.
Fauna: Leopard, sloth bear, nilgai, four-horned antelope etc.
Ecological significance: Forests form the catchment of river Panam, a major river of Central Gujarat.

Location: It is located in the Horn of Africa and borders the Gulf of Aden (North), Djibouti (Northwest), Ethiopia (South and west), and Somalia(East).
It broke away from Somalia in 1991 after the collapse of the central government and years of civil war. Since then, it has functioned as a de facto state, with its own elected government.
Capital: Hargeisa