Legal Current Affairs for 29 March 2026

A Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) is a country’s official climate action plan submitted under the Paris Agreement, outlining its efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change impacts.
It is self-determined, meaning each country sets its own targets based on national circumstances, and is time-bound and progressive, with updates every 5–10 years that must reflect increasing ambition.
NDCs typically include emission reduction goals, renewable energy targets, adaptation strategies, and financial or technological needs.
They form the core operational mechanism of the Paris Agreement, as global climate action depends on the collective ambition and effective implementation of these national commitments.
India’s NDC Journey: First NDC (2015), using 2005 as the baseline year, targeting a 33–35% reduction in emissions intensity, ~40% non-fossil capacity, and creation of a 2.5–3 billion tonne carbon sink by 2030.
It was strengthened through the Updated NDC (2022), raising ambition to a 45% emissions intensity reduction (from 2005 levels) and 50% non-fossil power capacity, aligned with announcements at the COP26 (Glasgow).

Gold in India is a vital mineral resource with economic and strategic importance, found mainly in auriferous rocks and alluvial deposits, and concentrated in the Peninsular Plateau.
Karnataka is the leading producer with major fields like Kolar and Hutti, while Andhra Pradesh follows with Ramagiri.
The Kolar Gold Fields (KGF) in the Kolar district is one of the world’s oldеst and deepest gold minеs.
In terms of reserves, Bihar holds the largest share (~45%), followed by Rajasthan (~23%), with smaller contributions from Jharkhand, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, and Kerala, often in alluvial forms.

About: Treasury Bills (T-Bills) are short-term debt instruments issued by the Government of India to manage temporary mismatches in its cash flows.
Tenors: T-Bills are money market instruments with a maturity period of less than 1 year. Currently, the Government of India issues T-Bills in 3 specific maturities: 91 days, 182 days, and 364 days.
Eligibility: Unlike in the past, retail investors can now buy T-Bills directly through the RBI Retail Direct portal, though the primary buyers remain banks, insurance companies, and mutual funds.
Zero-Coupon Securities: T-Bills pay no interest. Instead, they are issued at a discount to their face value and redeemed at par (face value) on maturity.
The difference between the issue price and the maturity value is the “interest” earned by the investor.
Issuing Authority: While the RBI manages the auction and issuance, they are issued on behalf of the Central Government. State governments in India do not issue T-Bills.
Minimum Investment: The minimum bid amount is Rs 10,000 and in multiples of Rs 10,000 thereafter.
Significance: Commercial banks in India are allowed to hold T-Bills to meet their Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) requirements. The RBI uses T-Bill auctions to regulate systemic liquidity by increasing or decreasing the supply of T-Bills.